"ʻO ka lā, ka ea a me ka wai,ʻo kā mākou mau hoaaloha maikaʻi loa!" -ʻo ia ka hua'ōlelo o ka hoʻomaha'āina kauwela ma ka kenekulia kokoke. He mea paʻakikī ke hoʻololi i kēia kūlana. ʻO kaʻauʻauʻana i loko o ka wai kai, nā pāʻani waho waho, ka heleʻana ma keʻano - hiki i kēia mea ke hoʻoikaika i ko mākou olakino. Akā, laila e hāpai ana ka nīnau, kahi e loaʻa ai i ka melanomaʻeleʻele maʻi maʻi a nā mea kaukamai o nā'āina a pau e uho nui ana i nā makahiki i hala iho nei? E hana kākou i kēia.
Ma hea ka melanoma mai kaʻili mai?
Mai ia manawa, e like me ko mākou ola ma ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻopiʻiʻana i nā hōkū haʻiwāhi, ua komo keʻano o ke kino i hoʻoluhiʻia, ua piʻi ka paepae helu helu o nā poʻe maʻi me kēia maʻi weliweli loa. A ināʻelua mau makahiki i hala aku nei,ʻo ka poʻe i hele i ka paepae he 50 mau makahiki,ʻo ka melanoma wale nō e hiki ke hoʻokōʻia e nā wāhine mai ka 23-25 makahiki. He aha ka mea e hāpai i ka hōʻano houʻana i ka maʻi, ka mea i pilikia, a mai ka mea hea i hoʻomaka ai ka melanoma āpau?
ʻO ka meaʻo ia, e ho'āʻo ana e hahai i keʻano a me ka hoʻohālikeʻana i kāu mau kiʻi punahele, nā'ōpio o nā wāhineʻelua,ʻo nā kaikamāhine paha,ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻomaha i ka'ōpū, e paʻakai i ke kauwela ma nā kahakai, ai ka hoʻoilo i nā solariums . Ma lalo o ka hoʻouka kauaʻana o kēlā me ka nui o nā puʻupuʻuʻeleʻele o nā ultravioletʻaʻole e kū i luna a hoʻomaka e hōʻino.
ʻO ka mea mua, i loko o ka pōʻino,ʻoiaʻiʻo, pono e kākauʻia nā kānaka (nā kāne a me nā wāhine) no 50, me ka manaʻo e hana i nā birthmarks a me nā kiko puaʻa. A laila, ka poʻe i nele i ka loli i kaʻili, akā i loko o ko lākouʻohana, aia nā hihia o ka melanoma mai nā pili pili. Aʻo ka mea hope loa, i waena o nā poʻe maʻi o ka poʻe dermatologists a me nā meaʻimi ke nānā aku, aia nā kānaka me keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo, kaʻili o kaʻili, keʻokeʻoʻulaʻula, keʻokeʻo, keʻokeʻo a me ka'ōmaʻomaʻo. Pono nā poʻe i heluʻia ma luna nei e noʻonoʻo pono, akā, e pono maoli nō anei lākou i kēiaʻona pupule?
Nāʻano o Melanoma
Ma ke ala, hiki ke loaʻa ka foci o ka melanomaʻaʻole ma kaʻili wale nō, akā, ma luna o ka membrane mucous a ma ka mānoanoa o nā'ōpū o loko. ʻOiai e pili ana kēia hopena i ka wā i haʻaleleʻoleʻia. Ma keʻano laulā, ua māheleʻia ka hoʻohālikelikeʻana i kēia maʻi i 4 mauʻano maʻamau:
- ʻO ka melanoma non-pigmentary . Kāheaʻiaʻo ia he amelanotic. Kūkulu ia ma kekahi, me kahi'āpana maikaʻi o kaʻili. Hiki ke nānā aku i kahi'ūpena pīpī,ʻo ia hoʻi, he'ōpuʻu'ōmaʻomaʻi mālō,ʻo kahi like me ka likemmetrical shape. Hoʻonuiʻia ka melanoma pigmentary i loaʻa wale i 7% o nā hihia o ka helu helu.
- Nodal melanoma . ʻO kēia ka mea kūpono loa, ma ka manaʻo o nā kauka,ʻo keʻano o ka maʻi i puka ma 15% o nā hihia o nā wāhineʻelua. I kēia hihia, hiki i ka'ōpū e ulu i loko o kaʻupena,ʻo kaʻili a me ka membpona mucous. I nā hihia koʻikoʻi, hiki i nāʻiʻo a me nā ligaments e pā.
- ʻO Malignant melanoma . Ma kekahiʻano'ē aʻe, ua kāheaʻia nā lentigo. Ma keʻano kūlana, pili ka maʻi ma nā wahi ākea, nā maka, nā lima a me ka'ā'ī. ʻO ka nui o nā hihia, he 10% ka inoa o kēia pepa, me ka poʻeʻelemakule e maʻi nei.
- Subungil melanoma . Ke'ōlelo nei ka inoa no ia iho. I ke kaʻina hana, paʻa kaʻili o nā manamana lima a me nā lāʻau, e ulu ana me ka wikiwiki, hiki i ka 10% o nā hihia.
Nā Manaʻo a me ka Nānā o ka Skin Melanoma
- Hōʻikeʻia kēlā me kēia hōʻike o ka melanoma pigmentary e konaʻano like. Ināʻoe e huki i kahi laina pololei ma waenakonu o ke kahi, a laila, eʻokoʻa loa nā hapalua.
- ʻO ka hoʻoikaikaʻana i ka maʻi, e like me keʻano, e hoʻomaka me nā moles, nā hānau hānau, a me nā momona . A inā lākou ma kahi o ka hakakā nui loa, ma ka'ākau a iʻole i ka underarms, piʻi mau ka hopena.
- He mauʻano likeʻole nāʻano o nā'āpana. Ma kahi'āpana, hiki ke hoʻohuiʻia ka'ōmaʻomaʻo, kaʻulaʻula, kaʻeleʻele, a me nā lauʻeleʻele, me ka loliʻole i kekahi i kekahi.
- ʻAʻohe lauoho ma luna o ka melanoma, aʻo ka liʻiliʻi e ulu nui, e hoʻomaka ana mai ke anawaena o ka peni penikala a hiki i nā wahi nui. Ma ka helu 100% e hiki i ka maʻi ke lilo i biopsy a me ka hoʻokolokolo pihaʻana i ke kino holoʻokoʻa i loko o ka hale hoʻomaha.
Kaʻoʻana i ka melanomaʻili
ʻO keʻano o ka mīkini maʻamau o ka mīkini melanoma, hoʻokahi wale nō mea - ke kauʻana, no ka mea, he maʻiʻino ia, i kūpono i ka wā mua.
Laweʻia ka melanoma me kahi 3-5 cm o nā mea ola ola a puni, i mea eʻaeʻole ai i nā kinakia tumo hou i loko o nā pūnaeleʻili maikaʻi. Ma mua o ka haʻaleleʻana, hanaʻia ka radiotherapy. Hoʻomaha ia i nā maʻi āpau a me nāʻeha i hanaʻia a puni ka ipu ahi.
ʻAʻole pono ka pāʻaniʻana me ka melanoma, no ka mea hāʻawi i nā hopena iʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, ma mua o ke kōkuaʻana e hōʻolo i ka maʻi. I ka wā eʻimi ai i ke kōkua o ke kauka i ka wā mua, ua ho'ōla loaʻia ka melanoma. ʻOiai, inā hoʻohanaʻoe i ka sunscreen a hoʻohana i nā makana o keʻano me ka manaʻo, a lailaʻaʻoleʻoe e mālamaʻia.