- Kahi e loaʻa nei: Kimberley, South Africa;
- Pehea e kipa ai: me ka ukuʻole, ma ka mākaʻikaʻi;
- Nā hola kaumeʻa : 09.00-15.00;
- He aha hou aʻe nei: kahi hale kūʻai mining ma Kimberley, nā hale kūʻai o nā mea i hanaʻia
Ka pehuʻo KimberliteʻO ka puka nui kahi hōʻailona diamond piha loa, aia ma ke kūlanakauhaleʻo Kimberley, ma ka'Akelika Pelekikena .
I kēia lā,ʻo ka Big Hole o'Akelika Hemaʻo ia he waiwaiʻaʻole wale no ke kūlanakauhale, akā no ka'āina holoʻokoʻa - he meaʻokoʻa kahi eʻimi ana i nā poʻe mākaʻikaʻi. Inā kohoʻoe e kipa aku i kaʻApelika Pelekikena, eʻike ponoʻoe e loaʻa ka manawa e hiki ai iā Kimberley.
Ka moolelo o ka hanaʻana i nā diamana
Uaʻaeʻia ka hoʻokumuʻana o ka minaminaʻana i nā minamina ma Aferika Hema i ka'āinaʻaʻole e alakaʻi i ka'āina wale nō, akā naʻe, e nele i ka "poʻokela o ke kolu o ka honua." Wahi a nāʻikepili,ʻoʻAmelika Hemaʻo ia kekahi o nā mea kūʻai nui loa o kēia ao i kēia mau pōhaku makamae. Eia kekahi i loko o ka papa helu i nā kaona like:
- Angola;
- Kanada;
- ʻO Rusia;
- ʻO Botswana.
ʻO ka hua mua ma ka'āina o South Africa i kēia manawa e loaʻa i ka makahiki 1866 - e like me nā moʻolelo o ka mōʻaukala, ua hopuʻia kekahi diamona i loko o ka muliwai e kekahi keiki Orange e mālama ana i nā holoholona ma kahi kokoke kokoke iā Di Kalk. Uaʻikeʻia he pōhaku melemele,ʻo ka nui o ia mea iʻoi aku i ka 21 mau carats.
Akāʻo ka mea nui loa he pōhaku iʻoi aku ka nui o 83 mau carats, i loaʻa i nā keiki a kekahi mea mahiʻai nona ka'āina hoʻokahi. Ua kapaʻiaʻo Diamond i ka inoa maikaʻiʻo "Star of South Africa". Heʻano hoʻonani kēia no ka uluʻana i kēia lawaiʻa maʻAmelika Hema. Ua hoʻomaka nā hui mua i kaʻu mau pōhaku ma kahi kokoke i ka mahiʻai i ka makahiki 1871. Ma muli o ka hopena, ua lawe mai nā kumukāʻau o South African i nā pōmaikaʻi nui -ʻaʻohe meaʻole i kēia lā,ʻaʻole ka'āina i kūkuluʻia ma ka'āina wale nō, akā, hoʻomauʻia ka uluʻana i mua.
Mai ia manawa, ua hoʻopauʻia ka'āina e ke diamahe maoli. I ka nui, uaʻikeʻia nā hapa nui iʻAmelika Hema, ua kūkuluʻia he mau minima, akāʻo ka mea nui no ka manawa lōʻihi, he puka i weheʻia ma Kimberley, a he maemae nā lei.
Nui ka lua - ka moʻolelo o ka mine nui loa
I kēia manawa, ua loaʻa kahi inoa maʻalahi a me ka maopopo hiki keʻikeʻia ka inoa o ka Big Hole. Uaʻikeʻiaʻo ia ma keʻano heʻoihana nui loa, i kūkuluʻia me ka hoʻohanaʻoleʻia o kekahiʻano hana.
No nā makahiki he 40 - a hiki i ka makahiki 1914 - e pili ana he 50,000 mau minia i hana i ka mine, e hoʻolālā ana me nā meaʻumi likeʻole, nā puʻupuʻu a me nā mea kope. Me ka hana lima, ua laweʻia nā kānaka ma mua o 22 miliona mau toni o ka'āina mai ka quarry.
I loko o ia manawa, ua loaʻa i kahi 2700 kilokalo pōhaku maikaʻi. Ma keʻano o nā huina kālā iʻaelikeʻia, he 14.5 miliona carats. Ma waena o ka nui o nā pōhaku he kaulana, he mea nui, a he nui loa, no nā manamana:
- Dereers De Beers he 428 carats;
- Paiʻiaʻo Porter-Rhodes he 150 mau keli a me nā mea'ē aʻe.
Ma waho o waho, he mea kupanaha ka hana, akā, he meaʻoi aku paha ka weliweli o nāʻoihana koʻikoʻi o kaʻu.
- ʻO ka nui o ka'āpana he 17 mau hectare;
- ke kiʻekiʻe - kokoke 500 mika;
- ka nui ma ke ana - 1600 mika;
- hohonu - 240 mau mika, akā ma hope iho ua nininiʻia i kahi pōhaku, kahi i ho'ēmi ai ka hohonu i 215 mika.
I kēia manawa, aia i lalo o ka Hola Nui, ua hoʻokumuʻia kahi loko me kahi hohonu o 40 mika.
He meaʻono ia, e like me ka hoʻokumuʻana o nā mea noiʻi, kahi 100 miliona mau makahiki aku nei he lua pele ma ka pae o kaʻu mine -ʻo ke kumu o ka pele aia ma kahi hohonu o 97 mau mile. ʻO kēia ka mea i hoʻonuiʻia ke kūkuluʻiaʻana o nā kaulalani ma kēia wahi - ke kiʻekiʻe loa o ka mahana a me ka piʻi nui i ka honua i hāpai i kekahi mau hana e kākoʻo i keʻano o nā pōhaku makamae.
Ka Manawa o Kimberley
I kēia manawa,ʻo Kimberly he kūlanakauhale kū i kēia manawa. Loaʻa iā ia nā mea a pau no ka nohoʻoluʻolu:
- nā alanui i mālama ponoʻia;
- nā pāʻani hoʻonui;
- He nui nā hokele a me nā hokele;
- nā kikowaena waiwai, nā hale hōʻikeʻike.
Ma keʻano maoli, uaʻimi nuiʻia ka poʻe malihini kipa e ka Hola Nui, kahi a me kahi e holo ai nā huakaʻi. Eia kekahi laʻana, no ka halihaliʻana i nā poʻe mākaʻikaʻi i kahi mea nui o ke kūlanakauhale, ua waihoʻia nā alahele no nā trams. Ma ka palena o ka mine mua, ua hoʻokumuʻia kahi kahua mālamaʻike palekana.
Eia kekahi ma ke kūlanakauhale aia kahi hale kūʻai hoʻolauleʻa kūikawā, kahi e hōʻike ponoʻia ai ka moolelo o ka taimana a me ke gula. ʻO ia, ma kēia manawa, ma hope o ka halaʻana o hoʻokahi haneli mau makahiki ma hope o ka pauʻana o kaʻu mine, hoʻomau ia e lawe i ka waiwai i ke kūlanakauhale a me nā mea e noho ana - i kēia manawa wale nō i kahi hoʻokipa mākaʻikaʻi.
Nāʻano o ka kūʻaiʻana i nā taimana ma ka Repubalika o'Akelikaʻo'Aikaka
ʻOiaiʻo ka hanaʻana o ke diamona minamina i'Akelika Hema no kahi kokoke i 150 mau makahiki, hiki nō ke loaʻa nā hiʻohiʻona kūikawā i nā mines a me nā mines.
No laila, i kekahi mau makahiki i hala aku nei ma kekahi o nā minina mua loa o Cullinan , ua loaʻa iā ia kahi mea kupaianaha kupaianaha -ʻo kona kaumaha he 232 carats. Wahi a nā poʻe akamai, hiki i ke kumukūʻai o ka diamond ke hiki i $ 15 miliona.
Eia naʻe, pono e hoʻomanaʻoʻia nā papa maʻalahi i pāpāʻia no ka hoʻokuʻuʻana mai ka'āina mai. Inā makemakeʻoe e kūʻai aku i nā taimanika ma'Akelika Hema, a laila ponoʻoe e hele i kaʻike,ʻo ia hoʻi, nā hale kūʻai kūʻai a me nā wahi kūʻai mea kūʻai, kahi kokoke i nā mines, mines, kahi i hoʻonohonoho pinepineʻia ai nā huakaʻi hele.
ʻO ka kūʻaiʻana i nā pōhaku makamae ma ka'āina he mea maikaʻi loa ia - heʻuʻuku liʻiliʻi. Ma nā loina, ponoʻoe e hōʻike i ka palapala hōʻike hale kūʻai no nā koli āu i kūʻai ai. Ke haʻaleleʻoe, hiki iāʻoe ke noi no kaʻauhauʻauhau a hoʻihoʻi i 14% o ke kumukuai kūʻai. Ma ke ala, ua hālāwai nā poʻe kipa me ka hoʻopaʻi koʻikoʻi no ka weheʻiaʻana o nā kumukānā'iliʻona mai'Akelika Hema - maiʻaeʻoe e hoʻopunipuni i nā mana.
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