ʻO ka Legionellosis (ka maʻi o ka Legionnaires, ka pneumonia o Pittsburgh, ke pākia Pontiac) he maʻi hanu hauʻoli ia i huaʻia e ka bacteria Legionella. ʻO ka maʻi ke hele pū me ke kuni, ka maʻi nui o ke kino, ka pōʻino i nā pūpū pūmā, nā mumū, kahi'āpala. Hiki i ka Legionella ke hoʻopiʻi a me nā liona likeʻole o ka'ōpū hanu - mai ka maʻi liʻiliʻi i ka maʻi lahilahi.
Nā kumu o ka maʻi
Legionella kahi microorganism i hoʻolaha likeʻia ma keʻano. ʻO ka hapanui pinepine i loaʻa i loko o nā wai wai hou a ikaika nui i ka mahana o 20 a 45 mau. ʻO ka uluʻana o kekahi kanaka ma ka aerosol, ma ka hoʻouluʻana i nā'ōmole liʻiliʻi o ka wai i loko o ka baction legionella, akā mai pololei mai kekahi kanaka i kekahi,ʻaʻole i hoʻounaʻia ka maʻi.
Ma waho aʻe o ke kumu maoli o ka wai, i loko o ke au o kēia ao aia kahi niche hana i hanaʻia, a he mau kūlana maikaʻi no kēia microorganism. He pūnaewele wai kēia me kahi kūpono kūpono no ka hua bacteria, ka papahana a me nā hoʻohaʻahaʻaʻana, ua paniʻia ma kahi'ōlohelohe, nāʻauwai, nā puʻupuʻu, a pēlā aku.
ʻO ka meaʻoiaʻiʻo,ʻo ka inoa o ka maʻi - legionellosis a iʻole "Legionians disease" - mai ka papahana nui iʻikeʻia i ka makahiki 1976, ma ka'aha'ōlelo o ka "LegionʻAmelika." ʻO ke kumu o ka maʻi,ʻo ia ka pūnaewele hoʻonāuleʻa ma ka hōkele, kahi i mālamaʻia ai ka'aha'ōlelo.
Ma ka home air conditioners,ʻaʻole lawa ka manawa no ka hōʻiliʻiliʻana i mea e lilo ai i kumu no ka pīpī, no lailaʻaʻole i liʻiliʻi ke kūlana ma kēiaʻaoʻao. Hiki ke hoʻopiliʻia nā pōpilikia e ka poʻe hoʻohaʻahaʻa o ka ea, ināʻaʻole lākou e loli pinepine i ka wai.
Legionella - hōʻailona
ʻO ka manawa hoʻopilikia o ka maʻi, e pili ana i keʻano, mai nā hola a hiki i 10 mau lā, ma waena o 2-4 mau lā. ʻO ka hōʻailona o ka maʻi me Legionella ka maʻi,ʻaʻole ia heʻokoʻa i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi lahilahi i hanaʻia e nā kumu'ē aʻe. I nā hihia maʻamau o ka maʻi iʻike muaʻia:
- nāwaliwali nui;
- nāʻiʻoʻeha;
- ʻike i ka nāwaliwali.
A laila ua piʻi ka piʻiʻana o ka mahana, a hiki i ke 40,ʻo ia hoʻi he nāwaliwali paha aʻaʻole paha i ke ākea a hiki i nā meaʻokoʻa, nā kele, ke poʻo hina. ʻO ka mua, aia kahi maʻi maloʻo maloʻo , e piʻi ikaika ana, a lilo i ka maloʻo, hiki paha i ka uluʻana o ka hemoptysis. ʻO nā mea maʻamauʻole he mau hōʻailona'ē aʻe, e like me:
- nāʻeha a me ke kino;
- nausea;
- ka wele;
- i kaʻeha ma ka'ōpū.
ʻO nā pilikia nui o kēia maʻi,ʻo ia nō ka uluʻana o ka hanuʻana o ka hanu hauʻoli, kahi e ulu ai ma kahi o 25% o nā maʻi e makemake ana i ka hoʻomaha.
Legionella - hōʻoia a me ka lāʻau
ʻAʻole hiki ke maʻalahi kaʻikeʻana i nā legionellosis, e like me nā mea'ē aʻe o ka maʻi pneumonia. ʻO ka hōʻailona e pili pono ana i kaʻikeʻana i ka hua'ōlelo legionella he paʻakikī, lōʻihi a mālamaʻia wale nō i loko o nā laboratories kūikawā. Hoʻomaʻa pinepine ka diagnostics i nāʻano kekaloka
Me nā pilikia o ka hōʻailona, hiki ke mālamaʻia kēia maʻi i nā lāʻau'alope . Leʻaleʻa ka Legionella i ka erythromycin, levomycetin, ampicillin,ʻaʻohe kānalua i ka tetracycline a he paʻakikī loa i ka penicillin. ʻO ka hoʻoikaikaʻana i ka hopena o ka papa o nā lāʻau'alopero nui e hui pū me ka hoʻohanaʻana i ka rifampicin.
Hoʻomaʻaʻia keʻano o ka legionellosis ma kahi kūlana kūpono, e noʻonoʻo i ka paʻakikī o ka maʻi a me nā pilikia. ʻO ka hoʻomaha maʻiʻole o ka mea maʻi hiki ke alakaʻi i kahi hopena.