I ka manawa e hoʻoholo ai ka wahine e lilo i makuahine, hoʻomakaʻo ia e hoʻomākaukau i ka ikaika no kēia wā maikaʻi o kona ola. He ola olakino, pono kaʻai pono, nā mea hauʻoli no nā wāhine hāpai nui he mea nui loa. Akā, ma waho aʻe o ka mālamaʻana i ke olakino, pono eʻike kekahi wahine hou i nā pono o ka wahine i hāpai a me ke kānāwai e pale ai kēia mau pono.
Aia ka'eneke Labor Code i ka paukū holoʻokoʻa e hōʻike ana i nā hana a me nā hana o ka wahine hāpai. Aia ma lalo iho kekahi mau mea nui o ke kānāwai e hiki i ka wahine ke hoʻohana ma iaʻano:
- nele nā wāhine male i ka hanaʻole i ka hana;
- ināʻoe e kali ana i kahi keiki, hiki iāʻoe ke hoʻolimalima i nā hola a me nā pō;
- ʻaʻole hiki i ka wahine hāpai ke hana ma nā hopena pule a me nā lā hoʻomaha;
- e like me ka hoʻoponoponoʻana o nā kauka, hiki i kahi wahine hāpai ke hoʻololi i kahi hana maʻalahi, kahi e hoʻopauʻia ai nā hopenaʻino iā ia a me kāna keiki e hiki mai ana. Ināʻaʻohe kahi hana i kahi hana ma kahi kūpono o ka hana, a laila ua hoʻokuʻuʻia ka wahine hāpai mai ka hana. I kēia hihia, pono i ka mea hana ke uku no nā lā i hala.
Hoʻolako kēlā wahine kēia wahine i ka nīnau o kēlā hebedoma e hoʻomaka ana i ka haʻaleleʻana i ka makuahine a pehea e hoʻolālā ai i ka haʻaleleʻana i ka makuahine. Wahi a ke kānāwai, hoʻokuʻuʻia ka makuahine ma ka hebedoma o ka hebedoma o ke kōʻana. Inā e kali ana ka wahine iʻelua keiki aʻoi aʻe paha, a laila, hiki mai ka manawa o kona puka makuahine ma ka hebedoma 28. Ke pili nei kēia kānāwai i nā wāhine i ka Russian Federation a me nā kānaka o Ukraine. No nā wāhine me ka palapala hōʻoia o ka mea i hoʻopilikiaʻia e nā hopena o kaʻino Chernobyl - hiki ke ukuʻia ka hoʻomahaʻana o ka makuahine me ka wiki 26 o ke kōhua.
ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka haʻalele he 126 mau lā 'alemanaka - 70 ma mua o ka pukaʻana a me 56 ma hope o ka hānauʻana (ma ka Russian Federation,ʻo ka lōʻihi o ka haʻalele ma hope o ka hānauʻana he 70 mau lā' alemanaka). Inā hānau ka makua iʻelua keiki aʻoi aʻe paha,ʻo ka helu o nā lā ma hope o ka hānauʻana ua hoʻonuiʻia i 70 (i Rusia, 110 mau lā). ʻO nā palapala e pono ai no ka haʻaleleʻana i ka makuahine, he pepa hoʻomaha puka makuahine a me kahi palapala hoʻomaha puka makuahine.
ʻO ka uku no ka haʻaleleʻana i ka makuahine e heluʻia i ka nui o ka uku makahiki. ʻAʻole i mālamaʻia kaʻike hana a pau o kekahi wahine ma kēia hihia a ua likeʻo ia me 100%. Eia kekahi laʻana, inā he 200 cu ka uku o ka wahine hāpai,ʻo ka heluʻana o nā uku uku hānai makuahine penei: 200 * 4 = 800. Ua pili ka huina, no ka mea,ʻaʻole ia e mālama i ka helu o nā lā o ka mahina a me nā lā hoʻomaha. No ka poʻe loaʻaʻole, ua heluʻia nā uku o ka makuahine ma muli o ka ponoʻole o nā kōkua, nā haʻawina haumana a me nā kālā'ē aʻe. Loaʻa i kahi alana hānai no ka loaʻaʻole o ka wahine hānau maʻamau ma kahi noho wale i loko o nā kino o ka hana a me ka pale mālama ola. I ka hapanui o nā hihia,ʻo ka nui o ka pōmaikaʻi hanaʻole he 25% wale nō o ka hapa nui.
Ma waho aʻe o nā pono o ka makuahine, hiki i nā wahine i kēia manawa ke manaʻo i nā pono e hiki mai ana, e like me ke kānāwai:
- kōkua i ka hānauʻana o kahi keiki. I ka hānauʻana o ke keiki mua, kōkuaʻia ka kōkua i loko o ka makahiki, ma ka hānauʻana o ke keikiʻelua - no nā makahikiʻelua, ma ka hānauʻana o ke kolu -ʻekolu. ʻO ka nui no kēlā me kēia keiki e like me ka pālua. ʻO nā kānāwai o ka Russian Federation, i ka likeʻole me nā kānāwai Ukrainian, me ka mea kōkua i ka hānauʻana, e hāʻawi ana i ke kapikala "Mother (family)". Hiki i nā mākua ke hoʻohana i kēia kālā iʻekolu mau makahiki ma hope o ka hānauʻana o ke keiki;
- kahi haʻawina no ka mālamaʻana i kahi keiki a hiki i ka pihaʻana o nā makahikiʻekolu. Ma hope o ka hopena o ka haʻaleleʻana i ka makuahine, loaʻa ka makuahine i kahi manawa e hoʻomaha ai e mālama i ke keiki
mamua o ka hōʻeaʻana i nā makahiki heʻekolu. I loko o kēia wā, ua hāʻawiʻiaʻo ia i kahi pōmaikaʻi, a ua hoʻoholoʻia ka nui o ia mea ma muli o ka maʻamau o ka loaʻa kālā o kaʻohana. Hāʻawiʻia ka haʻawina a hiki i ka manawa e haʻalele ai ka wahine i ka puka makuahine.
Inā maʻi kekahi keiki a pono ka mālamaʻana i ka maʻi nui, hiki i ka wahine ke lawe i kahi lānai hānai keiki ma mua o ka pihaʻana o ke 6 makahiki ma hope o ka haʻaleleʻana i ka makuahine. I kēia kūlana,ʻaʻole i hāʻawi ka moku'āina i nā pono. No ka haʻaleleʻana pēlā, pono nāʻike lāʻau.
Nui nā makuahine i hele e hana ma ka haʻaleleʻana i ka makuahine. Ua like nā wāhine i nā pono likeʻole me nā wāhine hānau. I ka hapanui o nā hihia, ua koiʻia nā makuahine'ōpiopio e hana no ka nui o nā pono. Akā, pono e hoʻomanaʻoʻia i loko o kahi pilikia loaʻaʻole e hiki ke pale i ka mālamaʻana o ke keiki i ke kumu.